![]() ![]() Following inhalation exposure, move patient to fresh air. The efficacy of this treatment is unknown. ![]() ![]() Intravenous urea (0.5 to 1.5 g/kg) has been recommended to inactivate free carbon disulfide in the blood. Consider gastric lavage after ingestion of a potentially life-threatening amount of poison if it can be performed soon after ingestion (generally within 1 hour). ( 12, 8)įollowing oral exposure, administer charcoal as a slurry (240 mL water/30 g charcoal). Weak pulse, palpitations, fatigue, weakness in the legs, unsteady gait, vertigo, hyperesthesia, agitation, mania, hallucinations of sight, hearing, taste, and smell in acute are other symtoms of carbon disulfide poisoning. Moreover, dermal exposure can lead to dryness of the skin the carbon disulfide may be absorbed. Skin and eye exposure can lead to pain, redness. ( 11)ĭizziness, headache, nausea, shortness of breath, vomiting, weakness, irritability and hallucination can result from inhalation, ingestion or skin exposure to carbon disultfide. Peripheral neuropathies, cranial nerve dysfunction, and neuropsychiatric changes are present in over 70% of chronic carbon sulfide victims. It also may accelerate coronary artery disease. Carbon disulfide poisoning can result in central nervous system depression, coma, respiratory paralysis, and death. Patients can developed normochromic and normocytic anemia, eosinopenia, and an increase in reticulocyte cell numbers after oral exposure. ( 11)įollowing inhalation, subtle and transient changes in pulmonary function can be manifested as reduced vital capacity and decreased partial pressure of arterial oxygen. One can also be exposed by skin contact with soil, water, or other substances that contain it. Exposure to carbon disulfide can results from breathing air, drinking water, or eating foods that contain it. Several industries use carbon disulfide as a raw material to make such things as rayon, cellophane, and carbon tetrachloride. No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC). Carbonic anhydrase 2 mediates the metabolism of carbon disulfide. Carbon disulfide or carbonyl sulfide can conjugate with endogenous glutathione to yield thiazolidine-2-thione-4-carboxylic acid and 2-oxythiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, respectively. Small traces of unchanged can be found in the urine. Most of the carbon disulfude absorbed is metabolized. Dithiocarbamates are the products of the reaction of carbon disulfide with amino acids. The HS- formed can subsequently be oxidized to sulfate or other nonvolatile metabolites. Monothiocarbonate may further spontaneously degrade, regenerating carbonyl sulfide or forming carbon dioxide and sulfide bisulfide ion (HS-). The carbonyl sulfide formed may be converted to monothiocarbonate by carbonic anhydrase. The atomic sulfur generated in these reactions may either covalently bind to macromolecules or be oxidized to products such as sulfate. The intermediate may either spontaneously degrade to atomic sulfur and carbonyl sulfide or hydrolyze to form atomic sulfur and monothiocarbonate. Carbon disulfide is bioactivated by cytochrome P-450 to an unstable oxygen intermediate. Carbon disulfide binds (in the form of AL CS2) mainly to hemoglobin and to a small extent to other blood proteins, such as albumin and gamma-globulin. Nitrogenase reduces carbon disulfide and can also be inhibited by this toxin. ![]() Moreover, carbon disulfide metabolites of the thiocarbamate type inhibit aldehyde anhydrase. Neurophysiological and behavioral effects as well as pathomorphology of peripheral nervous system structures have been reported in humans. The primary target of carbon disulfide appears to be the nervous system. The increases in serum cholesterol that are sometimes seen following carbon disulfide exposure may be a result of increased hepatic cholesterol synthesis. Inhalation ( 12) oral ( 12) dermal ( 12) eye contact ( 12)Ĭarbon disulfide is a potent nerve toxin and also affect liver enzymes, particularly those related to lipid metabolism. Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive These are inorganic compounds containing a sulfur atom of an oxidation state of -2, in which the heaviest atom bonded to the oxygen belongs to the class of other non-metals. Belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as other non-metal sulfides. ![]()
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